Antenna Radiation Pattern Calculator
Calculate the ideal normalized radiation field, relative power, and attenuation at an elevation angle for common antenna patterns.
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Inputs
Live
Math
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Related
Enter parameters and click Calculate to view results
Formula & Theory
Dipole F(θ) = cos[(π/2) × cos(θ)] / sin(θ), Relative Power = |F(θ)|²This formula is used to calculate antenna parameters for antenna radiation pattern calculator.
Overview
Use this antenna radiation pattern calculator to examine the ideal elevation-plane response of an isotropic radiator, a half-wave dipole, or a quarter-wave monopole above ideal ground. It converts the selected observation angle into normalized field strength, relative power, and attenuation from the pattern maximum.
Input Guide
Enter Ideal Antenna Pattern, Elevation Angle from Horizon exactly in the units shown by this antenna radiation pattern. Check the operating band, unit prefix, and decimal position before calculating; these are the inputs used by the formula.
- Ideal Antenna Pattern.
- Elevation Angle from Horizon — use °.
Output Guide
The results describe the calculated antenna radiation pattern values for the inputs you entered. Check each value against the available space, selected components, feed system, and operating conditions before making a final design decision.
How This Calculator Works
The Antenna Radiation Pattern uses Dipole F(θ) = cos[(π/2) × cos(θ)] / sin(θ), Relative Power = |F(θ)|². Supply Ideal Antenna Pattern, Elevation Angle from Horizon (°) in the displayed units, then use the calculated values as the first engineering target for this antenna theory design or analysis.
Design Notes
These are mathematical reference patterns, not predictions of a finished installation. Antenna height, ground quality, nearby conductors, finite ground planes, feed-line current, element diameter, losses, and the mounting structure can significantly change the measured pattern.
Build and Tuning Notes
Use the result to understand the preferred directions of an ideal antenna, then verify the real installation with modelling or field measurements. Keep the antenna geometry and feed line consistent during tests, and evaluate the complete pattern rather than relying on a single angle.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does normalized radiation power mean?
Normalized power expresses the radiation at the selected angle relative to the strongest point in the ideal pattern. A value of 1, or 100 percent, is the pattern maximum.
Why does a half-wave dipole have a null off its ends?
The current distribution on an ideal half-wave dipole causes radiation from different parts of the wire to cancel along the element axis. Its maximum radiation is broadside to the wire.
Is a quarter-wave monopole pattern the same as a dipole pattern?
A monopole over an ideal ground plane has a pattern related to one half of a dipole, but it radiates only above the ground plane. Real ground and radial systems strongly affect its low-angle radiation.
Alex Warren
B.Sc. in Electrical & Electronic Engineering (EEE)
Alex specialises in antenna design and wave propagation. His expertise helps ensure these calculators present practical RF concepts, useful design estimates, and clear engineering guidance for students, HAM operators, and wireless professionals.